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Kim Cameron's 7 Laws of Identity

I ran into Kim whilst working on a military remote access solution in Europe. Kim came up with the 7 laws of identity. He also designed Microsoft's Active Directory, and drove identity federation and cardspace. His blog is here.

  1. User control and consent - technical identity systems must only reveal information identifying a user with the user's consent
  2. Minimal disclosure for a constrained use - the solution which discloses the least amount of identifying information and best limits its use is the most stable long term solution
  3. Justifiable parties - Digital identity systems must be designed so that the disclosure of identifying information is limited to parties having a necessary and justifiable place in a given identity relationship
  4. Directed Identity - A universal identity system must support both "omni-directional identifiers for use by public entities and unidirectional identifiers for use by private entities, thus facilitating discovery while preventing unnecessary release of correlation handles.
  5. Pluralism of Operators and Technologies - a universal identity system must channel and enable the inter-working of multiple identity technologies run by multiple identity providers
  6. Human Integration - The universal identity metasystem must define the human user to be a component of the distributed system integrated through unambiguous human-machine communincation mechanisms offering protection against identity attacks.
  7. Consistent Experience Across Contexts - The unifying identity meta system must guarantee its users a simple, consistent experience while enabling seperation of contexts through multiple operators and technologies

See also: U-Prove (which came after Windows CardSpace was discontinued).

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